Improvement in breech-loading fire-arms



W. MORGENSTERN. Breech L0ading Fire -Arm. No. 86,434. Patented Feb. 2, 1869.

a the crnpt-y'shell, and holding I my invention,

or. thrown up, tion in which a, between which hinged the fitairra gum WILLIAM MOR'GENSTERN, OF NE W- YORK, N. Y. Letters Patentlivo. 86,434, dated February 2, i869.

md PROVEMENT IN BRE'ECH-LOADIfiG FIRE-ARMS.

. M The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of are same.

To fall whom may concern Be it known that 1, WILLIAM MonoExsrERN, of New York, in the county of New York, in the State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Iruprovements in Breech-LoadingFire-Arms and I do hereby declare act description thereof, reference being had to themcompau'ying drawings, making part of this application.

My invention relates to certain new and'useful improvcments in the extractor-m loadingguns.

Previous to my invention a great variety of means had been employed and'snggested for efiecting the extraction from the charge-chamber, and discharge from the gun, of theenrpty cartridge-case. 4 e My invention has for its objects to overcome allth objections in practice, to extractor-mechanisms in this class of breech-loaders, and to provide asimple, efi'ectivc, and durable means of extracting and throwing out I'open the breech-block,

without-having anyexposed parts; and to this end,

' My invention consists iuthe employment of a spring presser-bolt, which is enclosed or encased in the stock of the breech-frame, andso combined with the hinged breech and extractor the breech-block, and hold it after more fully explained.

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use I will proceed to more fully explain it, referring by letters to the accompanying rhawin'gs, in

open, as will he hereinwhichv is a vertical longitudinal section of the "of a breechdoading gun embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a cross-section at a: 2:, (looking in the direction indicatedby the arrow,) of the same;

Figure 3 is a section at y y, fig. 2, showing the breech closed; and i Figure 4, a similar section, showing the breech open,

and. the cartridge-extractor in the posiit would be after having thrown out the empty shell.

Figures 5 and 6 are skeleton top and side views of tlie extractor and spring Presser-bolt detached.

In the several figures, the same part is designated by the same letter of reference. A is the breech-flame, and

B, the hinged breech-block of the gun.

F is the cartridge or charge-chamber, into which the cartridgeis inserted from the rear, when the breech is thrown up, as seen at fig. 1, in the usual. manner.

The breech-frame is formed with ears, as usual, at

eye of the breechpiece B, by means of a pivot, d, and between the ears c c, the rear face of this portion of the breech A is formed with a depression, for the accommodation of that the following is a full and eirechanism of breechas to give the latter a sudden im-- e pulse, or acceleration, at the proper time'to throw out the empty shell, and simultaneously catch or retain presscr-bolt g, which acts in block, withdraws the shell from the vibratory-arm portion of the presscr-bolt 9, (see fig; 2,) the shank of which lies iu'a hole-"bored through the breech A, and is pronded with a spiral spring, 5, as clearly sceuat fig. 1.

The spiral spring 1' rests againsta set-screw, h, which may be adjusted to more or less compress said spring i, for the purpose of inducing it to act-with greater or less force upon the presser-bolt y, for purposes to be explained.- e is the vibratory arm, for extracting and discharging, or throwing out, the empty cartridge-case. This arm 0 is hinged or pivoted on the pivot or axis ll of the swing breech-block B, has in a depression formed in the breech A, for'its accommodation, and is moved primarily by the breech-block, and is accelerated in its-vibration by the spring presser-bolt g, as will be presently fully explained.

The extractor-arm e is formed with a projection 3, against which the shoulder 4.0f the breech-block operates, and also with a notch, or depression, 2-,iuto' which passes a teat, 1, projecting from the arm-pm tion of the presser-bolt g.

.The eye of the breech-block B is formed with two depressions at (Sand 7, into which fits, at diflerquttimes, the rear end of pr-esser-bolt g, to retain the said-breech in itsopen'ed and in its closed positions, as will be prese'ntly explained.

With the foregoing description ofthe parts, and the drawings, the following explanation will serve to give a clear idea of the operation of my improved mechanism for extracting and discharghig the empty case, and retaining the breech-bl 'k.

I will suppose the gun to have been discharged, and the parts in the relative positions illustrated at figs. -2 and 3, and 5 and 6. To extract and throw out the empty case, the breech-block B is raised or swung npward, as seen at fig. 1, and the shoulder 4 coming against the projection 3 ofjhe extractor c, will vibrate the-latter on the pivot d, and throw its lower and against which rests the front side of the cartridgeflanch, back, so as to force out seen at lfig. 1, in red lines. v

This action of the extractor 0, induced by the breech- F, but would not be sufficient to also eject or throw it away from the gun. This is done by an accelerated and very quick and sudden ,further vibration of the juncture by the spring arm 0, induced just at this the following manner: Whcrrtlie arm 0 is in its normal position, the teat 1 of the spring prcsser-bolt j presses against'thcde. centre or axis of the said pivot, but as soon as the arm e has been turned into the position seen at iig.-1, by theraetiozi' offthe" breech-block B, as already described, and the prcsserbolt rocked on its centre, s

the empty shell, as"

the charge-chamber I pivot (l, (see-figs. 3, 5, 6,) and" I therefore exerts no tendency to turn thearrn c or the g o as to bring the teat down below the centre or, axis of'd, which is efiectegl' by the motion of e, the teat 1 projecting into the notch 2,.as seen at fig. 4, then the presser-bolt is suddenly.

impelled backward-by it's spring 1", and the extractor e forced into the position seen at fig. 4, whereby the empty case is ejected. As the resser-bolt flies back, the breech-block-of course continuing its forward ino-' tion, its rear end passes into the depression 6 of hloek B, and, pressing in a line of direction below the pivot d,.holds or retains the breech-'block up and open until the gun is reloaded and the breech-block pulled down. v

\Vhen the breech-block is again closed, thepresserbolt 9 will drop back into depression 7, and the spring be partially relieved by strain.

e It will .be seen that both the sudden movement of the extractor to eject the cartridge-case, and the retention or looking up of the breech-block, are accomplished in an effectual manner, by the presser-bolt g, and it will be understood that the latter bears with a; solid and sufficiently extensive snrface,'against the breech-block, so that there is little or no wear,- or cutall positive, dependent partially on the action hf the spiralspringwhieh can he set up at pleasure, and its strength increased or diminished by the set-screw h.

By having the-bolt and spring all enclosed within, or

theircontinuance in astate of pefl'ect-ion nlnel1--n1ore certain than could he expected were an of the parts exposed.

Having fully explained my invention, so that one skillellin the r-Lean gnake and use it, I wish to be understood as notlimiting my clai1n,of.iii\"ention'to the precise form or arrangement of the devices.

hat I claim as new, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is- V 4 v The employ1nent,'in combination with the swinging breech-block and extractor, of the spiing resser-boltg, or its equivalent, for actuating the ejee'tor and locking or retaining the breech-block, substantially in the manner set forth. 7 1

In testimony whereof, 1 have hereunto set my hand and seal, this 19th day of October, 1868.

vWILLIAM MORGENSTERN. [L. 8.]

Witnesses:

J& N. MCINTIRE, Grms. A. Sco'r'r. 

